Grand Master Physics: the official syllabus, topic by topic.
We split the official 2026 Physics syllabi into 472 single topics and placed each one in the lesson that teaches it, in course order. Each topic shows which documents list it, so you can check our plan against the source.
A tag shows each official document that lists the topic. A dashed tag means a broader line of that syllabus covers it; "exp" means it is listed as an experimental skill. "Extra" marks content that is not a separate topic in any official syllabus.
The physicist's toolkit
FoundationMaths for Physics10 topics
- 001Proportion and scalingComing soon
- +Proportion and scaling
- 002Graphs a physicist readsComing soon
- +Graph shapes: straight line, parabola, hyperbola
- 003Trigonometry for physicsComing soon
- +Trigonometry
- 004Vectors I: adding and resolvingComing soon
- T001Scalars and vectors
- T002Equality of vectors
- T003Multiplication of a vector by a real number
- T004Vector addition - graphical method (triangle and parallelogram law)
- T005Vector subtraction
- T006Unit vector
- T007Resolution of a vector (rectangular components)
- T008Vector addition - analytical method (components; law of cosines/sines)
JEE Main (Mathematics, Unit 12 Vector Algebra) and JEE Advanced (Mathematics, Vectors) list vectors in their Mathematics syllabi; NEET lists them in Physics.
- 005Vectors II: dot and cross productComing soon
- T009Scalar (dot) product
- T010Vector (cross) product
JEE Main (Mathematics, Unit 12 Vector Algebra) and JEE Advanced (Mathematics, Vectors) list vectors in their Mathematics syllabi; NEET lists them in Physics.
- 006Differentiation as a rate of changeComing soon
- +Derivatives of common functions
- 007Integration as accumulationComing soon
- +Simple integrals
- 008Exponentials, logs and approximationsComing soon
- +Exponentials, logs, binomial approximation
Unit 1Physics and Measurement15 topics
- 009Physical quantities and SI units▶ Watch
- T011Units of measurement (unit as reference standard)
- T012System of units (CGS, FPS, MKS)
- T013SI units (SI base quantities and units)
- T014Fundamental (base) and derived units
- 010Dimensions of physical quantitiesComing soon
- T015Dimensions of physical quantities
- T016Dimensional formulae
- T017Dimensional equations
- 011Dimensional analysis and its usesComing soon
- T018Dimensional analysis (principle of homogeneity)
- T019Checking the dimensional consistency of equations
- T020Deducing relations among physical quantities by dimensions (and limitations of the method)
- 012Least count, accuracy and precisionComing soon
- T021Least count
- +Accuracy and precision
- 013Errors in measurementComing soon
- T022Errors in measurement (error analysis; uncertainty in results of calculations)
- 014Significant figuresComing soon
- T023Significant figures (rules for counting)
- T024Rules for arithmetic operations with significant figures
- T025Rounding off the uncertain digits
Motion and force
Unit 2Kinematics17 topics
- 015Frame of reference, distance and displacementComing soon
- T026Frame of reference
- +Distance and displacement in one dimension
- 016Speed and velocityComing soon
- T027Speed
- T028Velocity
- T029Uniform and non-uniform motion
- T030Average speed
- T031Instantaneous velocity
- 017Acceleration and the equations of motionComing soon
- T032Acceleration (average and instantaneous)
- T033Uniformly accelerated motion
- T034Relations (kinematic equations) for uniformly accelerated motion
- 018Reading motion graphsComing soon
- T035Velocity-time graph (incl. area under v-t curve = displacement)
- T036Position-time graph
- 020Relative velocity in one dimensionComing soon
- T037Relative velocity
- 021Motion in a planeComing soon
- T038Position vector and displacement vector
- T039Motion in a plane with constant acceleration
- 022Projectile motionComing soon
- T040Projectile motion
- 023Projectiles from a height and on an inclineComing soon
- +Projectile on an inclined plane
- 025Uniform circular motionComing soon
- T041Angular velocity and its relation with linear velocity
- T042Uniform circular motion (centripetal acceleration)
Unit 3Laws of Motion18 topics
- 026Force and inertia: Newton's first lawComing soon
- T043Force (concept; SI unit newton)
- T044Inertia (law of inertia)
- T045Newton's first law of motion
- 027Momentum and Newton's second lawComing soon
- T046Momentum (linear momentum p = mv)
- T047Newton's second law of motion
- T048Impulse
- 028Newton's third lawComing soon
- T049Newton's third law of motion
- 029Free-body diagrams and equilibriumComing soon
- T050Equilibrium of concurrent forces (equilibrium of a particle)
- T051Solving problems in mechanics (free-body diagrams)
- T052Common forces in mechanics (contact forces: normal reaction, tension, spring force)
- 031Friction I: static and kineticComing soon
- T053Static and kinetic friction
- T054Laws of friction (coefficients of static and kinetic friction)
- +Angle of repose
- 032Friction II: rolling friction and blocks on blocksComing soon
- T055Rolling friction
- +Lubrication
- 033Conservation of linear momentumComing soon
- T056Law of conservation of linear momentum
- 034Dynamics of circular motionComing soon
- T057Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force
- 035Vehicles on level and banked roadsComing soon
- T058Vehicle on a level circular road
- T059Vehicle on a banked road
- 036Accelerated frames and pseudo forceComing soon
- T060Inertial and uniformly accelerated frames of reference
Unit 4Work, Energy and Power14 topics
- 037Work by constant and variable forcesComing soon
- T061Work done by a constant force
- T062Work done by a variable force
- 038Kinetic energy and the work–energy theoremComing soon
- T063Kinetic energy
- T064Work-energy theorem (constant force)
- T065Work-energy theorem for a variable force
- 039Potential energy and the springComing soon
- T066Potential energy (concept)
- T067Potential energy of a spring
- 040Conservative forces and conservation of energyComing soon
- T068Conservation of mechanical energy
- T069Conservative and non-conservative forces
- 041PowerComing soon
- T070Power (average and instantaneous; units watt, kWh)
- 042Motion in a vertical circleComing soon
- T071Motion in a vertical circle
- 043Collisions in one dimensionComing soon
- T072Elastic and inelastic collisions (classification; momentum conserved, kinetic energy loss)
- T073Elastic and inelastic collisions in one dimension
- 044Collisions in two dimensionsComing soon
- T074Elastic and inelastic collisions in two dimensions
- +Coefficient of restitution
Rotation, gravity, matter, heat and waves
Unit 5Rotational Motion23 topics
- 045Centre of massComing soon
- T075Centre of mass of a two-particle system
- T076Centre of mass of a rigid body (continuous bodies, symmetric shapes, lamina)
- 046Motion of the centre of massComing soon
- T077Motion of centre of mass
- T078Linear momentum of a system of particles (and its conservation)
- 047Torque and angular momentumComing soon
- T079Moment of a force (torque)
- T080Angular momentum of a particle (and relation dL/dt = torque)
- 048Conservation of angular momentumComing soon
- T081Conservation of angular momentum
- 049Moment of inertia and radius of gyrationComing soon
- T082Moment of inertia (and rotational kinetic energy K = 1/2 I omega^2)
- T083Radius of gyration
- T084Angular momentum in case of rotation about a fixed axis (L = I omega)
- 050Moments of inertia of simple bodiesComing soon
- T085Moments of inertia of simple geometrical objects (standard values)
- T086Parallel axes theorem
- T087Perpendicular axes theorem
- 051Equilibrium of rigid bodiesComing soon
- T088Equilibrium of a rigid body (translational and rotational equilibrium; couple)
- T089Principle of moments (lever, mechanical advantage)
- T090Centre of gravity
- 052Rotation about a fixed axisComing soon
- T091Rigid body and its kinds of motion (pure translation, rotation about a fixed axis, combination as in rolling)
- T092Angular acceleration
- T093Rigid body rotation: dynamics of rotation about a fixed axis (torque = I alpha; work done by a torque; power)
- T094Equations of rotational motion (kinematics of rotation about a fixed axis, constant angular acceleration)
- T095Comparison of linear and rotational motions
- 053Rolling without slippingComing soon
- T096Rolling without slipping (rings, cylinders, spheres)
- 054Collisions with rigid bodiesComing soon
- T097Collision of point masses with rigid bodies
Unit 6Gravitation17 topics
- 055The universal law of gravitationComing soon
- T098Universal law of gravitation (incl. superposition; shell results)
- T099Gravitational constant G and its determination (Cavendish experiment)
- 056Acceleration due to gravityComing soon
- T100Acceleration due to gravity of the earth (g at the surface)
- T101Variation of g with altitude (height above the surface)
- T102Variation of g with depth
- 057Kepler's lawsComing soon
- T103Kepler's first law (law of orbits)
- T104Kepler's second law (law of areas)
- T105Kepler's third law (law of periods)
- 058Gravitational potential energyComing soon
- T106Gravitational potential energy
- 059Gravitational field and potentialComing soon
- T107Gravitational potential
- T108Gravitational field (intensity)
- 060Escape velocityComing soon
- T109Escape velocity (escape speed)
- 061SatellitesComing soon
- T110Geostationary orbits
- T111Motion of a satellite (earth satellites in circular orbits)
- T112Orbital velocity of a satellite
- T113Time period of a satellite
- T114Energy of an orbiting satellite
Unit 7Properties of Solids and Liquids50 topics
- 062Elasticity and Hooke's lawComing soon
- T115Elastic behaviour (elasticity and plasticity)
- T116Stress
- T117Strain
- T118Stress-strain relationship (stress-strain curve)
- T119Hooke's law
- 063Moduli of elasticityComing soon
- T120Young's modulus
- T121Bulk modulus (and compressibility)
- T122Modulus of rigidity (shear modulus)
- T123Poisson's ratio
- T124Elastic potential energy in a stretched wire
- T125Applications of elastic behaviour of materials
- 064Pressure in fluids and Pascal's lawComing soon
- T126Pressure (definition; pressure in a fluid at rest; density)
- T127Variation of pressure with depth (pressure due to a fluid column; effect of gravity on fluid pressure)
- T128Atmospheric pressure (mercury barometer)
- T129Gauge pressure (open-tube manometer)
- T130Pascal's law
- T131Hydraulic machines (hydraulic lift, hydraulic brakes)
- 065BuoyancyComing soon
- T132Buoyancy (buoyant force)
- 066Flow of fluidsComing soon
- T133Streamline and turbulent flow
- T134Critical velocity
- T135Equation of continuity
- 067Bernoulli's principleComing soon
- T136Bernoulli's principle
- T137Speed of efflux (Torricelli's law)
- T138Dynamic lift (aerofoil; Magnus effect)
- 068ViscosityComing soon
- T139Viscosity (coefficient of viscosity)
- T140Stokes' law
- T141Terminal velocity
- 069Surface tensionComing soon
- T142Surface energy
- T143Surface tension
- T144Angle of contact
- T145Excess pressure across a curved surface (drops and bubbles)
- 070Capillary riseComing soon
- T146Capillary rise
- 071Temperature, heat and thermal expansionComing soon
- T147Measurement of temperature (thermometers; Celsius and Fahrenheit scales)
- T148Thermal expansion (linear, area, volume; anomalous expansion of water)
- T149Heat (energy transferred because of temperature difference)
- T150Temperature
- 072Calorimetry and latent heatComing soon
- T151Specific heat capacity (heat capacity, specific and molar)
- T152Calorimetry (principle of mixtures)
- T153Change of state (melting, boiling, sublimation; triple point)
- T154Latent heat
- 073Heat transferComing soon
- T155Heat conduction (thermal conductivity)
- T156Convection
- T157Radiation (thermal radiation)
- 074Cooling and blackbody radiationComing soon
- T158Newton's law of cooling
- T159Blackbody radiation (spectrum of a blackbody)
- T160Absorptive power
- T161Emissive power (emissivity)
- T162Kirchhoff's law (thermal radiation)
- T163Wien's displacement law
- T164Stefan's law (Stefan-Boltzmann law)
Unit 8Thermodynamics20 topics
- 075Heat, work and internal energyComing soon
- T165Thermal equilibrium
- T166Concept of temperature (from the zeroth law)
- T167Zeroth law of thermodynamics
- T168Heat as a mode of energy transfer (energy in transit; not a state variable)
- T169Work done by/on a thermodynamic system
- T170Internal energy (state variable)
- T171Thermodynamic state variables (intensive and extensive)
- 076The first law of thermodynamicsComing soon
- T172First law of thermodynamics
- T173Equivalence of heat and work (mechanical equivalent of heat)
- 077Specific heats of gasesComing soon
- T174Molar specific heats of a gas: Cv, Cp and Cp - Cv = R
- 078Thermodynamic processesComing soon
- T175Quasi-static process
- T176Isothermal process (work in isothermal change)
- T177Adiabatic process (PV^gamma = const; work in adiabatic change)
- T178Isochoric process
- T179Isobaric process
- T180Cyclic process
- T181Bulk modulus of gases (isothermal and adiabatic)
- 079The second lawComing soon
- T182Second law of thermodynamics (Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements)
- T183Reversible and irreversible processes
- 080Heat engines and the Carnot engineComing soon
- T184Carnot engine and its efficiency
Unit 9Kinetic Theory of Gases20 topics
- 081The ideal gasComing soon
- T185Equation of state of a perfect gas (ideal-gas equation PV = μRT)
- T186Boyle's law
- T187Charles' law
- T188Absolute temperature (absolute zero; Kelvin scale)
- T189Avogadro's hypothesis (law)
- T190Dalton's law of partial pressures
- T191Work done on compressing a gas (W = ∫P dV)
- 082Pressure from moving moleculesComing soon
- T192Molecular nature of matter (atomic hypothesis)
- T193Kinetic theory of gases: assumptions (postulates)
- T194Pressure of an ideal gas (kinetic concept of pressure)
- 083Temperature and rms speedComing soon
- T195Kinetic interpretation of temperature
- T196RMS speed of gas molecules
- 084Degrees of freedom and equipartitionComing soon
- T197Degrees of freedom
- T198Law of equipartition of energy
- T199Specific heat capacity of monatomic gases (from equipartition)
- T200Specific heat capacity of diatomic gases (from equipartition)
- T201Specific heat capacity of polyatomic gases (from equipartition)
- T202Specific heat capacity of solids (equipartition, C = 3R)
- 085Mean free pathComing soon
- T203Mean free path
- T204Avogadro's number
Unit 10Oscillations and Waves36 topics
- 086Periodic motionComing soon
- T205Periodic and oscillatory motion
- T206Time period (of periodic motion)
- T207Frequency (of periodic motion)
- T208Displacement as a function of time (displacement variable)
- T209Periodic functions (sine/cosine; Fourier idea)
- 087Simple harmonic motionComing soon
- T210Simple harmonic motion and its equation (linear SHM; amplitude, angular frequency)
- T211Phase (of SHM; phase constant)
- T212SHM and uniform circular motion (reference circle)
- T213Velocity and acceleration in SHM
- 088The spring–mass systemComing soon
- T214Force law for SHM: oscillations of a spring (restoring force, force constant)
- 089Energy in SHMComing soon
- T215Energy in SHM (kinetic and potential energies)
- 090The simple pendulumComing soon
- T216Simple pendulum - time period
- T217Angular simple harmonic motion
- 091Damped and forced oscillationsComing soon
- T218Damped oscillation
- T219Forced oscillation
- T220Resonance
- 092Wave motionComing soon
- T221Longitudinal and transverse waves
- T222Speed of a travelling wave (v = λν)
- T223Speed of a transverse wave on a stretched string
- T224Speed of a longitudinal wave; speed of sound in gases (Newton's formula, Laplace correction)
- T225Wavelength
- T226Period of a wave
- T227Frequency of a wave
- 093The progressive wave equationComing soon
- T228Displacement relation for a progressive wave
- T229Amplitude of a wave
- T230Phase of a wave
- T231Angular wave number (propagation constant k)
- T232Angular frequency (of a wave)
- 094Superposition and reflection of wavesComing soon
- T233Principle of superposition of waves
- T234Reflection of waves (rigid and open boundary)
- 095Standing waves in strings and pipesComing soon
- T235Standing (stationary) waves: nodes and antinodes
- T236Standing waves in a stretched string (normal modes)
- T237Standing waves in organ pipes / air columns (open and closed pipes)
- T238Fundamental mode and harmonics
- 096BeatsComing soon
- T239Beats
- 097The Doppler effectComing soon
- T240Doppler effect (in sound)
Electricity, magnetism and light
Unit 11Electrostatics41 topics
- 098Electric chargeComing soon
- T241Electric charge (two kinds; charging)
- T242Additivity of charges
- T243Conservation of charge
- T244Quantisation of charge
- 099Coulomb's law and superpositionComing soon
- T245Coulomb's law
- T246Forces between multiple charges — superposition principle
- T247Continuous charge distribution
- 100The electric fieldComing soon
- T248Electric field (definition)
- T249Electric field due to a point charge
- T250Electric field due to a system of charges
- T251Physical significance of electric field
- T252Electric field lines
- 101The electric dipoleComing soon
- T253Electric dipole and dipole moment
- T254Electric field due to a dipole
- T255Physical significance of dipoles (polar and non-polar molecules)
- T256Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field
- 102Electric flux and Gauss's lawComing soon
- T257Electric flux
- T258Gauss's law
- 103Applications of Gauss's lawComing soon
- T259Field due to an infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire (Gauss)
- T260Field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet (Gauss)
- T261Field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell (Gauss)
- 104Electric potentialComing soon
- T262Electric potential (electrostatic potential)
- T263Potential due to a point charge
- T264Potential due to an electric dipole
- T265Potential due to a system of charges
- T266Potential difference
- 105Equipotentials and potential energyComing soon
- T267Equipotential surfaces
- T268Relation between field and potential
- T269Potential energy of a system of charges
- T270Potential energy of a single charge in an external field
- T271Potential energy of a system of two charges in an external field
- T272Potential energy of a dipole in an external field
- 106Conductors and dielectricsComing soon
- T273Conductors and insulators
- T274Electrostatics of conductors
- T275Dielectrics and polarisation
- 107CapacitorsComing soon
- T276Capacitors and capacitance
- T277Capacitors in series
- T278Capacitors in parallel
- 108The parallel-plate capacitorComing soon
- T279Parallel plate capacitor (no dielectric)
- T280Effect of dielectric on capacitance (parallel plate with dielectric)
- T281Energy stored in a capacitor
Unit 12Current Electricity24 topics
- 109Electric current and drift velocityComing soon
- T282Electric current
- T283Electric currents in conductors (free electrons; steady field)
- T284Drift velocity
- T285Mobility
- 110Ohm's law and resistanceComing soon
- T286Ohm's law
- T287Electrical resistance
- T288V–I characteristics of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors
- 111Resistivity and temperatureComing soon
- T289Electrical resistivity
- T290Resistivity of various materials (conductors, semiconductors, insulators)
- T291Electrical conductivity
- T292Temperature dependence of resistance
- 112Electrical energy and powerComing soon
- T293Electrical energy dissipated (heating effect of current)
- T294Electrical power (P = VI = I²R = V²/R; transmission loss)
- 113Resistors in series and parallelComing soon
- T295Series combination of resistors
- T296Parallel combination of resistors
- 114Cells, emf and internal resistanceComing soon
- T297EMF of a cell
- T298Internal resistance of a cell
- T299Terminal potential difference of a cell
- T300Cells in series
- T301Cells in parallel
- 115Kirchhoff's lawsComing soon
- T302Kirchhoff's first rule (junction rule)
- T303Kirchhoff's second rule (loop rule)
- 116Wheatstone bridge and metre bridgeComing soon
- T304Wheatstone bridge
- T305Metre bridge
Unit 13Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism26 topics
- 117Force on a moving chargeComing soon
- T306Force on a moving charge in a uniform magnetic field (magnetic Lorentz force; definition of B and tesla)
- T307Moving charge in combined uniform electric and magnetic fields (Lorentz force)
- T308Motion of a charge in a uniform magnetic field (circular and helical)
- T309Sources and fields (magnetic field and superposition)
- 118The Biot–Savart lawComing soon
- T310Biot–Savart law
- T311Magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop
- 119Ampère's lawComing soon
- T312Ampere's circuital law
- T313Magnetic field of an infinitely long straight current-carrying wire
- T314Magnetic field inside a long solenoid
- 120Force on a current-carrying wireComing soon
- T315Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
- T316Force between two parallel currents — definition of ampere
- 121Torque on a current loopComing soon
- T317Torque on a current loop in a uniform magnetic field
- 122The moving-coil galvanometerComing soon
- T318Moving coil galvanometer and its sensitivity
- T319Conversion of a galvanometer into an ammeter
- T320Conversion of a galvanometer into a voltmeter
- 123Magnetic dipoles and the bar magnetComing soon
- T321Current loop as a magnetic dipole; magnetic dipole moment
- T322Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
- T323Magnetic field lines
- T324Magnetic field of a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis
- T325Magnetic field of a magnetic dipole perpendicular to its axis (equatorial)
- T326Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field (and its potential energy)
- T327Magnetism and Gauss's law
- 124Magnetic materialsComing soon
- T328Magnetisation
- T329Magnetic intensity
- T330Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances
- T331Effect of temperature on magnetic properties
Unit 14Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents29 topics
- 125Faraday's lawComing soon
- T332Experiments of Faraday and Henry
- T333Magnetic flux
- T334Faraday's law of induction
- T335Induced emf and induced current
- T336Motional emf
- 126Lenz's law and eddy currentsComing soon
- T337Lenz's law (and conservation of energy)
- T338Eddy currents
- 127Self and mutual inductanceComing soon
- T339Self-inductance
- T340Mutual inductance
- 128RC, LR and LC circuitsComing soon
- T341RC circuit with a d.c. source (charging/discharging, time constant)
- T342LR circuit with a d.c. source (growth and decay of current)
- T343LC circuit with a d.c. source (LC oscillations)
- T344Series LCR circuit with a d.c. source (damped transient)
- 129Alternating currentComing soon
- T345AC voltage applied to a resistor
- T346Phasor representation of AC current and voltage
- T347Peak value of alternating current/voltage
- T348RMS (effective) value of alternating current/voltage
- T349AC voltage applied to an inductor; inductive reactance
- T350AC voltage applied to a capacitor; capacitive reactance
- T351Impedance
- T352RC circuit with an a.c. source
- T353LR circuit with an a.c. source
- T354LC circuit with an a.c. source
- 130The LCR series circuitComing soon
- T355Series LCR circuit with an a.c. source
- T356Resonance in a series LCR circuit
- T357Power in AC circuits; power factor
- T358Wattless current
- 131AC generator and transformerComing soon
- T359AC generator
- T360Transformer
Unit 15Electromagnetic Waves6 topics
- 132Electromagnetic wavesComing soon
- T361Displacement current
- T362Sources of electromagnetic waves (accelerated charges)
- T363Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (nature; c = 1/√(μ0ε0); energy, momentum)
- T364Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves
- 133The electromagnetic spectrumComing soon
- T365Electromagnetic spectrum
- T366Applications (uses) of electromagnetic waves
Unit 16Optics32 topics
- 134Reflection and spherical mirrorsComing soon
- T367Reflection of light: laws of reflection
- T368Rectilinear propagation of light
- T369Spherical mirrors: pole, centre of curvature, principal axis, focus, focal length f = R/2
- T370Cartesian sign convention for mirrors and lenses
- T371Mirror formula (mirror equation 1/v + 1/u = 1/f)
- 135Refraction and total internal reflectionComing soon
- T372Refraction at a plane surface: Snell's law, refractive index (incl. lateral shift, apparent depth)
- T373Total internal reflection and critical angle
- T374Applications of total internal reflection (totally reflecting prisms, optical fibres)
- 136Refraction at spherical surfacesComing soon
- T375Refraction at a spherical surface (n2/v - n1/u = (n2-n1)/R)
- T376Thin lens formula (1/v - 1/u = 1/f)
- T377Lens maker's formula
- 137MagnificationComing soon
- T378Magnification (linear) by mirrors and lenses
- 138Power and combinations of lensesComing soon
- T379Power of a lens (P = 1/f, dioptre)
- T380Combination of thin lenses in contact (1/f = 1/f1 + 1/f2 ..., P = P1 + P2 ..., m = m1 m2 ...)
- T381Combinations of mirrors and thin lenses (coaxial systems, separated elements)
- 139The prismComing soon
- T382Refraction through a prism: angle of deviation, minimum deviation, n = sin[(A+Dm)/2]/sin(A/2), thin prism
- T383Dispersion of light by a prism
- 140Optical instrumentsComing soon
- T384Microscope (simple and compound) and its magnifying power
- T385Telescope (refracting and reflecting, Cassegrain) and its magnifying power
- +Resolving power
- 141Wavefronts and Huygens' principleComing soon
- T386Wavefront (spherical and plane wavefronts)
- T387Huygens' principle (secondary wavelets)
- T388Law of reflection derived using Huygens' principle
- T389Laws of refraction (Snell's law) derived using Huygens' principle, incl. refraction at a rarer medium
- 142InterferenceComing soon
- T390Interference of light: superposition, constructive and destructive interference, I = 4I0 cos^2(phi/2)
- T391Young's double-slit experiment and fringe width (beta = lambda D/d)
- T392Coherent and incoherent sources (coherent and incoherent addition of waves)
- T393Sustained interference of light (conditions for a stable pattern)
- 143DiffractionComing soon
- T394Diffraction due to a single slit (minima at n lambda/a, central maximum)
- 144PolarisationComing soon
- T395Polarisation of light; plane (linearly) polarised and unpolarised light; transverse nature
- T396Brewster's law (polarisation by reflection)
- T397Uses of plane-polarised light
- T398Polaroid (pass-axis; intensity through two polaroids)
Modern physics, devices and experiments
Unit 17Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation13 topics
- 145The photoelectric effectComing soon
- T399Photoelectric effect (photoelectric emission, photoelectrons, photosensitive materials)
- T400Electron emission and work function (thermionic, field, photoelectric emission; electron volt)
- T401Hertz's observations (UV enhances spark discharge)
- T402Hallwachs' and Lenard's observations (photocurrent, threshold frequency)
- T403Effect of intensity of light on photocurrent
- T404Effect of potential on photocurrent: saturation current, stopping (cut-off) potential, K_max = e V0
- T405Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential; threshold frequency
- 146Einstein's photoelectric equationComing soon
- T406Dual (wave-particle) nature of radiation
- T407Failure of the wave theory of light to explain photoelectric effect
- T408Einstein's photoelectric equation (K_max = h nu - phi0); energy quantum
- T409Particle nature of light: the photon (E = h nu, p = h nu/c)
- 147Matter wavesComing soon
- T410Matter waves: wave nature of particles (de Broglie hypothesis)
- T411de Broglie relation (lambda = h/p)
Unit 18Atoms and Nuclei25 topics
- 148Rutherford's model of the atomComing soon
- T412Alpha-particle scattering experiment (Geiger-Marsden)
- T413Alpha-particle trajectory: impact parameter, distance of closest approach
- T414Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom (incl. electron orbits, energy E = -e^2/8 pi eps0 r)
- 149The Bohr modelComing soon
- T415Bohr model of the hydrogen atom: postulates, orbit radius, energy
- T416Energy levels of the hydrogen atom (ground, excited states, ionisation energy)
- T417Atomic spectra: emission and absorption line spectra
- T418Line spectra of the hydrogen atom explained by Bohr model (h nu = Ei - Ef)
- T419de Broglie's explanation of Bohr's second postulate (2 pi r = n lambda); limitations of Bohr model
- 150X-raysComing soon
- T420Characteristic and continuous X-rays
- T421Moseley's law
- 151The nucleusComing soon
- T422Composition of the nucleus (protons, neutrons; Z, A, N; isotopes, isobars, isotones; discovery of neutron)
- T423Size of the nucleus (R = R0 A^(1/3); nuclear density)
- T424Atomic masses: atomic mass unit (u), average atomic mass from isotopic abundance
- 152Mass defect and binding energyComing soon
- T425Mass-energy relation (E = mc^2; 1 u = 931.5 MeV)
- T426Mass defect
- T427Nuclear binding energy; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number
- T428Nuclear force (short range, charge independence, saturation)
- 153Fission and fusionComing soon
- T429Nuclear fission (energy released, Q value)
- T430Nuclear fusion (energy generation in stars)
- T431Controlled thermonuclear fusion (fusion reactor, plasma confinement)
- 154RadioactivityComing soon
- T432Radioactivity: alpha, beta and gamma decay/radiations
- T433Law of radioactive decay (N = N0 e^(-lambda t))
- T434Decay constant
- T435Half-life
- T436Mean life
Unit 19Electronic Devices14 topics
- 155SemiconductorsComing soon
- T437Classification of metals, insulators and semiconductors: conductivity and energy bands (valence band, conduction band, band gap)
- T438Intrinsic semiconductor (electrons and holes, n_e = n_h = n_i)
- T439Extrinsic semiconductor: n-type and p-type, doping (n_e n_h = n_i^2)
- 156The p-n junction diodeComing soon
- T440p-n junction formation: diffusion, drift, depletion region, barrier potential
- T441Semiconductor (p-n junction) diode and its I-V characteristics (threshold voltage, reverse saturation current, breakdown, dynamic resistance)
- T442p-n junction diode under forward bias
- T443p-n junction diode under reverse bias (breakdown voltage)
- 157The diode as a rectifierComing soon
- T444Diode as a rectifier: half-wave and full-wave rectifier, capacitor filter
- 158LED, photodiode and solar cellComing soon
- T445Light emitting diode (LED) and its I-V characteristics
- T446Photodiode
- T447Solar cell
- 159The Zener diodeComing soon
- T448Zener diode (reverse breakdown, I-V characteristic)
- T449Zener diode as a voltage regulator
- 160Logic gatesComing soon
- T450Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR)
Unit 20Experimental Skills22 topics
- 161Vernier calipers and screw gaugeComing soon
- T451Methods of measurement (for the ADV-listed experiments)
- T452Vernier calipers: internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel
- T453Screw gauge: thickness/diameter of thin sheet/wire
- 162Experiment: the simple pendulumComing soon
- T454Simple pendulum: dissipation of energy from a graph of amplitude squared vs time
- T455Determination of g using a simple pendulum
- 163Metre scale and Young's modulusComing soon
- T456Metre scale: mass of an object by the principle of moments
- T457Young's modulus of the material of a metallic wire
- 164Surface tension and viscosityComing soon
- T458Surface tension of water by capillary rise; effect of detergents
- T459Coefficient of viscosity by terminal velocity of a sphere
- 165The resonance tubeComing soon
- T460Speed of sound in air using a resonance tube
- 166Specific heatComing soon
- T461Specific heat capacity of a solid and of a liquid by the method of mixtures (calorimeter)
- 167Metre bridge, post office box and Ohm's lawComing soon
- T462Resistivity of the material of a wire using a metre bridge
- T463Specific resistance of a wire using a post office box
- T464Resistance of a wire using Ohm's law (voltmeter-ammeter method)
- 168Galvanometer by half deflectionComing soon
- T465Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half-deflection method
- 169Mirrors and lensesComing soon
- T466Focal length of convex mirror, concave mirror and convex lens by the parallax method
- T467Focal length of a concave mirror and a convex lens by the u-v method
- 170Prism and glass slabComing soon
- T468Angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism (i-delta plot)
- T469Refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope
- 171Diodes and componentsComing soon
- T470Characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias
- T471Characteristic curve of a Zener diode and reverse breakdown voltage
- T472Identification of diode, LED, resistor and capacitor from a mixed collection
- NCERT: NCERT Physics, Class XI and XII, Parts I and II (rationalised; Reprint 2026-27)
- NEET: NEET-UG Physics syllabus of the National Medical Commission (public notice of 22 Dec 2025, as posted by NTA; unchanged for 2026)
- JEE Main: Syllabus for JEE (Main) 2026, Paper 1, Physics (NTA)
- JEE Advanced: JEE (Advanced) 2026 Information Brochure, Annexure I, Physics (organising IIT)
This is Medha's planned map, version v2.2 of 11 October 2026. It shows what each lesson is planned to teach; a topic is taught once its lesson is published here. When an official syllabus changes, we add topics at the end and mark dropped ones, and list every change on the updates page.